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Some examples include additives to improve wet edge, to impart antifreeze properties, control foaming, control skinning, fight bacterial growth, or improve pigment stability. To accelerate the oxidation and hardening of vehicleīesides the three main categories of ingredients, paint can have a wide variety of miscellaneous additives,usually added in very small amounts.Organic salts of Iron, zinc, lead, manganese, Ca.The titanium white used in most paints today is often coated with silicon or aluminum oxides for various reasons such as better exterior durability, or better hiding performance via better efficiency promoted by more optimal spacing within the paint film.Ĭommon thinner ► turpentine (made by distilling gum from a number of pine trees)
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Paint manufacturers replaced lead white with a less toxic substitute, which can even be used to color food titanium white (titanium dioxide) which was first used in paints in the 19th century. Some pigments are toxic, such as those used in lead paint. Pigments, usually insoluble powders, are used both to provide color, and to make paint opaque, thus protecting the substrate from the harmful effects of ultraviolet light while also increasing a paint's hiding power. Synthetics would include calcined clays, blanc fix, precipitated calcium carbonate, and synthetic silicas. Natural pigments include various clays, calcium carbonate, mica, silicas, and talcs. Inert pigments break down into natural or synthetic types. Color hiding pigments fall also into two main categories, those being Inorganic, mostly duller earth tone colors, and Organic, generally brighter but more expensive colors. Zinc oxide is a weaker white pigment with some important usages. The main modern white hiding pigment is Titanium dioxide. Pigment can generally be categorized into two main types: Prime, or hiding, pigments, and Inert, or extender, pigments. Pigments impart such qualities as color and opacity (sometimes inappropriately called 'hiding'), and influences properties such as gloss, film flow, and protective abilities. Synthetic pigments (phthalocynines ► coal tar derivatives) Natural pigcentrements (natural iron oxides, chrome oxides). Pigments are materials which gives the paint its color.
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Linseed oil, Soya bean oil, Fish oil, dehydrated castor oil Sometimes volatile low-molecular weight synthetic resins also serve as diluents. These include organic solvents such as petroleum distillate, alcohols, ketones, esters, glycol ethers, and the like. Solvent based, sometimes called oil based, paints can have various combinations of solvents as the vehicle, including aliphatics, aromatics, alcohols, and ketones. Water is the main vehicle for water based paints. It's main function is as the carrier for the non volatile components. It can also control flow and application properties. It is volatile and does not become part of the paint film. The main purpose of the vehicle is to adjust the viscosity of the paint.